
L. Petukhov, poster, May Day 1917 (V. P. Lapshin, Khudozhestvennaia zhizn’ Moskvy i Petrograda v 1917 godu, Moscow, 1983).

E. Kruglikova, poster, Liberty Bond Campaign, May 1917 (V. P. Lapshin, Khudozhestvennaia zhizn’ Moskvy i Petrograda v 1917 godu, Moscow, 1983).

Circus arena-stage for a production of Macbeth in Petrograd, 1918 (Istoriia sovetskogo teatra, Leningrad, 1933; image has been computer-enhanced).

Cover of Kerzhentsev’s Creative Theater (P. Kerzhentsev, Tvorcheskii teatr, Moscow, 1923).

V. Fidman, Smolny, engraving (A. A. Sidorov, Russkaia grafika za gody revoliutsii, Moscow, 1923).

Poster for Meyerhold’s production of Mystery-Bouffe, 1918 (Mikhail German, ed., Serdtsem slushaia revoliutsiiu. iskusstvo pervykh let oktiabria, Leningrad, 1980).

Costume sketches by Mayakovsky for the “clean” and the “unclean,” Mystery-Bouffe, 1918 (Mikhail German, ed., Serdtsem slushaia revoliutsiiu. Iskusstvo pervykh let oktiabria, Leningrad, 1980). Photos courtesy of Aurora Publishers.

Monument to Taras Shevchenko, Moscow, built as part of Lenin’s monument plan (Mikhail German, ed., Serdtsem slushaia revoliutsiiu. Iskusstvo pervykh let oktiabria, Leningrad, 1980).

Grigory Zinoviev (top photo, standing in car) addressing the May Day 1918 parade on the Field of Mars, Petrograd. The lower photograph shows the same celebration from a more revealing angle ( Plamia, 12 May 1918, pp. 8, 9).

Emblem of the Mobile-Popular Theater, Petrograd (P. P. Gaideburov, Literaturnoe nasledie, Moscow, 1977).

Holiday fireworks display, Moscow, 1744 (A. F. Nekrylova, Russkie narodnye gorodskie prazdniki, uveseleniaa i zrelischa: Konets XVIII-nachalo XIX veka, Leningrad 1984).

Lithograph of the carnival on St. Petersburg’s Field of Mars, 1825 (A. F. Nekrylova, Russkie narodnye gorodskie prazdniki, uveseleniia i zrelishcha: Konets XVIII-nachalo XIX veka , Leningrad, 1984)

Mariinsky Palace, Petrograd, November 7, 1918 (I. M. Bibikova and N. I. Levchenko, comps., Agitatsionno-massovoe iskusstvo: Oformlenie prazdnestv , Moscow, 1984).

Demonstration in Red Square, November 7, 1918 (I. M. Bibikova and N. I. Levchenko, comps., Agitatsionno-massovoe iskusstvo: Oformlenie prazdnestv , Moscow, 1984).

Decoration of Hunters’ Row, Moscow, November 1918 (I. M. Bibikova and N. I. Levchenko, comps., Agitatsionno-massovoe iskusstvo: Oformlenie prazdnestv , Moscow, 1984).

Tribune covering Pavel Trubetskoi’s equestrian statue, Uprising Square, Petrograd, May Day 1919 (I. M. Bibikova and N. I. Levchenko, comps., Agitatsionno-massovoe iskusstvo: Oformlenie prazdnestv , Moscow, 1984).

Boris Kustodiev, Celebration for the Second Congress of the Third International , Petrograd, July 1920 (Mikhail German, ed., Serdtsem slushaia revoliutsiiu. Iskusstvo pervykh let oktiabria , Leningrad, 1980).

Toward a World Commune , mass spectacle, Stock Exchange, Petrograd, July 1920 (Mikhail German, ed., Serdtsem slushaia revoliutsiiu . Iskusstvo pervykh let oktiabria , Leningrad, 1980).

Vladimir Tatlin, Monument to the Third International , Petrograd, 1920 (Camilla Gray-Prokofieva, The Russian Experiment in Art, 1863–1922, London, 1971).

he Red stage, Storming of the Winter Palace , mass spectacle, Petrograd, November 1920 (I. M. Bibikova and N. I. Levchenko, comps., Agitatsionno-massovoe iskusstvo: Oformlenie prazdnestv, Moscow, 1984).

he Red stage, Storming of the Winter Palace , mass spectacle, Petrograd, November 1920 (I. M. Bibikova and N. I. Levchenko, comps., Agitatsionno-massovoe iskusstvo: Oformlenie prazdnestv, Moscow, 1984).

Mikhail Blokh, The Metalworker, monumental sculpture, Petrograd, July 1920 (Mikhail German, ed., Serdtsem slushaia revoliutsiiu. Iskusstva pervykh let oktiabria, Leningrad, 1980). Photo courtesy of Aurora Publishers.

Amphitheater, Rock Island, Petrograd (Istoriia sovetskogo teatra, Leningrad, 1933; image is computer-enhanced).

Stereotypical Polish nobleman of Civil War posters (Mikhail German, ed., Serdtsem slushaia revoliutsiiu. Iskusstvo pervykh let oktiabria, Leningrad, 1980). Photo courtesy of Aurora Publishers.

The Bolsheviks claimed the heritage of the Paris Commune, as illustrated by this poster, captioned “The martyrs of the Paris Commune were resurrected under the red banner of the Soviets” (1921).

Graphic representations of the Third International, 1919 and 1920 (Mikhail German, ed., Serdtsem slushaia revoliutsiiu. Iskusstvo pervykh let oktiabria , Leningrad, 1980). Photo (right) courtesy of Aurora Publishers.


Layout of Palace Square, Petrograd, for the November 1920 mass spectacle; image computer-enhanced (Istoriia sovetskogo teatra, Leningrad, 1933).
Όλες οι φωτογραφίες, έργα τέχνης και σχεδιαγράμματα είναι από το βιβλίο Bolshevik Festivals 1917-1920